Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, QC. Canada
[EN] Winter willow ptarmigan outbreaks occur in southern Quebec in cycles of about 10 years. Little literature is available on this subject, but it seems that this phenomenon would be caused by waves of extreme cold in its home range, the tundra, which would push these birds towards the south. Historical occurrences speak of thousands of visitors in Quebec City in Champlain's time during the 1600’s and of forays around Montreal until the 1800’s.
©André Bhérer